Storage issue, really?
IZ77809: NPIV CLIENT MAY EXPERIENCE HUNG IO IN SOME RECOVERY SCENARIOS :
Migration physical disk to virtualbox…
As easy as :
root@golonka:~# dd if=/dev/sdb1 of=/usr/pasztet root@golonka:/usr# VBoxManage convertfromraw /usr/pasztet /home/pasztet.vdi Converting from raw image file="/usr/pasztet" to file="/home/pasztet.vdi"... Creating dynamic image with size 4046805504 bytes (3860MB)...
VBoxManage clonehd
VBoxManage showhdinfo
VBoxManage modifyhd <name> -resize <MB>
Test 000-210: Storage Networking Solutions Version 4
Storage Networking Architecture
- Explain technology, performance, usage, and other characteristics of file system and block I/O protocols and direct attached disk subsystems.
- Identify interoperability in a mixed-platform storage networking environment. (including FICON and gateway environments)
- Identify SAN fabric compatibility in a storage networking environment.
- Define storage networking and the types of networks that support the IBM product line.
- Identify where the CIFS, NFS, FCP, FCIP, iSCSI, TCP/IP, and NDMP protocols can be applied. (unified storage)
- Describe the functionality of Operations Manager and Protection Manager and how these tools are beneficial to a customer.
- Define Business Continuity/Disaster Recovery (BC/DR) concepts.
- Describe the availability and backup/recovery capabilities of the N series products.
- Identify and understand the application and technical requirements for the licensed features for the N series and storage networking products.
- Identify the key benefits of Data ONTAP WAFL.
- Identify the key features and benefits of the IBM storage networking product line.
Initial Solution Design
- Gather and analyze customer’s current environment information based on customer interview and leveraging appropriate methods and tools. (Capacity Magic, Disk Magic, TPC suite, etc.)
- Design a new storage network for a customer’s environment for networked storage topologies, protocols, and solutions.
- Consider a client’s existing networks (IP or fibre channel) and make recommendations for N series design.
- Assess a customer’s high availability requirements and design an appropriate solution.
- Differentiate the security management features of each protocol in a mixed environment.
- Consider where extended distance options are appropriate, and the implications of using different protocols and fibre channel cable types.
- Design a backup/restore solution using the disk and tape-based features within the N series product line in addition to other IBM products.
- Describe the benefits of the N series active-active configuration and when it is appropriate.
- Consider the N series Snap features and their benefits on a customer solution.
- Recognize and plan for the impact of storage-based copy services and their impact on SAN environments.
- Recognize and plan for I/O and file-based virtualization solutions.
Solution Development
- Use best practices to plan and size a SAN fabric, including number of switches, paths, ISL, zones, cabling, buffer credits, redundancy, optics, etc.
- Plan storage networking solutions to implement high availability with replication over long distances.
- Plan a backup solution for N series including tape mounts, disk space, network bandwidth, and backup servers.
- Calculate and plan the effective capacity for N series products, i.e. SnapShot, RAID levels, vaulting.
- Plan the integration and recommend modification to the customer’s exiting environment for fabric and disk consolidation.
- Determine which infrastructure and procedures are necessary to make data usable in a remote data replication environment.
- Consider physical and environmental requirements for N series and IBM network storage products.
- Propose a virtualized NAS environment using sharing techniques. (MultiStore)
- Given customer scenarios, determine the appropriate configuration for existing networks; i.e. fibre channel and Ethernet ports, gateway ports.
- Determine when to recommend an N series-based gateway solution.
Solution Implementation Planning
- Identify the N series management tools needed for basic configuration.
- Identify multipathing driver requirements for N series and storage products.
- Plan the initial N series installation.
- Plan for upgrades and expansions to N series.
- Communicate the data migration and integration considerations as they relate to the solution.
- Identify and use proper preplanning resources and tools.
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Test 000-102: High Availability for AIX – Technical Support and Administration
Planning (18%)
- Use online planning worksheet
- Design a cluster with suitable hardware and to eliminate SPOFs
- Identify need for IPAT and which method of IPAT (hardware address takeover, aliasing, etc.)
- Evaluate cluster security requirements
- Determine interdependencies of cluster components (e.g. resource groups, parent/child relationships, locations, etc.)
- Determine other application requirements for cluster integration
- Determine AIX pre-reqs (IP and network configuration, host file configuration, software version and components, storage components, OS level, required filesets, MPIO)
- Identify when XD or Xsite LVM may be required
- Plan a cluster within a virtualized environment
Installation and Configuration (24%)
- Perform PowerHA installation
- Configuring topology components (e.g. persistent IP addresses, IP and non -IP networks, nodes, IPAT via aliasing and replacement, site configuration, network modules, etc.)
- A) Understand HA in conjunction with Heartbeat over IP aliasing and Etherchannel
- B) Understand RSCT failure detection and diagnosis
- Implement Xsite LVM
- Verify AIX pre-reqs have been addressed
- Configuring netmon.cf file for single adapter networks
- Implement cluster security
- Define custom events (user defined events, and pre and post events)
- Configure resources (including service IP, resource groups, resource group dependencies, nfs, VGs, etc)
Perform Cluster Migrations (5%)
- Determine migration methods
- Determine migration tasks
Testing and Verification (6%)
- Testing cluster components (failover/fallback)
- Validate cluster configuration
- Using the cluster test tool
Daily Administration (33%)
- Manage resource group components, including nfs
- Analyze cluster status (check cluster health, etc)
- Verify and synchronize the cluster (including daily automatic verification, etc)
- Upgrade the cluster (e.g. apply fixes, etc.)
- Administer resource groups, including application monitors
- Managing PowerHA file collections
- Using CSPOC and understand what functions are available (including managing cluster users, passwords, shared VG and filesystems)
- Backing up and restoring the cluster
- Error notification
- Add or remove components during cluster operation
- Create application monitor
- Understand cluster events and their impact on the cluster
- Using WebSMIT
- Using DLPAR in a resource group
- Understand Priority Override Location behaviour, and functionality differences between PowerHA versions
Problem Determination and Resolution (13%)
- Recover from failed events and from failed DARE operations
- Recover from script failures/config too longs, etc.
- Analyze critical logs, including understanding cluster events and processing order
- Configuring cluster tunables
- Use RSCT components (including topsvcs, grpsvcs, RMC, gsclvmd)
Netapp : Online Backup and Recovery
[cmds]
- vol
- options [vol_name]
- nosnapdir
- nosnap
- convert_ucode
- create_ucode
- options [vol_name]
- snap
- sched [vol_name] 0 2 6 @8,12,16,20
- create [vol_name] [snap_name]
- list [vol_name]
- -q
- reserve [vol_name] %
- delta [vol_name] [s1] [s2]
- autodelete [vol_name] on option
- commitment
- try
- disrupt
- trigger
- volume
- snap_restore
- space_restore
- target_free_space %
- delete_order
- newest_first
- oldest_first
- defer_delete
- user_created
- prefix
- prefix [proef]
- show
- reset
- commitment
- restore
- -t [vol|file]
- snapmirror
- on
- initialize
- -S <src>:vol <dst>:vol
- deinitialize
- destination
- -s
- update
- status
- abort
- -h [hard]
- break (zerwanie mirrora)
- release (usunięcie snaphotów)
- quiesce (‘uśpienie’)
- resume
- resync
- store (na taśmę)
- use (obsługa taśmy)
- retrieve (z taśmy)
- throtile
- migrate
- snapvault
- start
- -S sysA:qtree sysB:qtree
- status
- -l
- -c
- -s
- -t
- stop [qtree]
- snap
- schedule
- sv_weekly 1@sat@19
- sv_hourly 11@mon-fri@7-18
- -x vol1 sv_hourly 4@mon-fri@8-19
- unsched
- -o tries=[0|unlimited] volname snapname sched_spec
- schedule
- modify
- start
- backup
- status
- terminate
- ndmpd
- on
- status
- ndmpcopy
- -sa username:password filerA:/vol/qtree /vol/qtree
- df
- sis
- start
- status
- on
- off
[options]
cifs.snapshot_file_folding.enable on
cifs.show_snapshot
options snapmirror.access || legacy -> /etc/snapmirror.allow
/etc/snapmirror.conf
/etc/log/snapmirror
options snapmirror.enable || snapmirror on
options snapmirror.window_size rate
Window Size = (Round Trip Delay) × (Desired Rate)
options snapmirror.access host=192.168.15.30
options snapmirror.checkip.enable on
options replication.throttle.enable on
options replication.throttle.incoming.max_kbs value
options replication.throttle.outgoing.max_kbs value
/etc/snapmirror.conf:
s_systemA:vol0 d_systemA:vol1 – sync
s_systemA:vol0 d_systemA:vol1 kbs=2000,restart=always 15 * * 1,2,3,4,5
NYC-Newark = multi (NYC-pri,Newark-pri) (NYC-sec,Newark-sec)
NYC-Newark:vol1 Newark:vol1 – sync
options snapvault.access host= snapvault_secondary
options snapvault.enable on
options snapvault.access host= snapvault_primary1, snapvault_primary2
[examples]
- SnapMirror over Fibre Channel
- filer_1*> sysconfig
- filer_1*> sysconfig -v 4
- brocade switch
- brcd_sw_1:root> zonecreate “sm_zone_1″, “20:00:00:e0:8b:0a:aa:6d;
20:00:00:e0:8b:14:70:af” - brcd_sw_1:root> zonecreate “sm_zone_2″, “20:01:00:e0:8b:2a:aa:6d;
20:01:00:e0:8b:34:70:af” - brcd_sw_1:root> cfgcreate “sm_zone_cfg”, “sm_zone_1; sm_zone_2″
- brcd_sw_1:root> cfgenable “sm_zone_cfg”
- brcd_sw_1:root> cfgshow
- brcd_sw_1:root> zonecreate “sm_zone_1″, “20:00:00:e0:8b:0a:aa:6d;
- cisco
- cisco_sw_1(config)# zone name sm_zone_1
cisco_sw_1(config-zone)# member pwwn 20:00:00:e0:8b:0a:aa:6d
cisco_sw_1(config-zone)# member pwwn 20:00:00:e0:8b:14:70:af
cisco_sw_1(config-zone)# zone name sm_zone_2
cisco_sw_1(config-zone)# member pwwn 20:01:00:e0:8b:2a:aa:6d
cisco_sw_1(config-zone)# member pwwn 20:01:00:e0:8b:34:70:af - cisco_sw_1(config)# zoneset name sm_zone_cfg
cisco_sw_1(config-zoneset)# member sm_zone_1 - cisco_sw_1(config-zoneset)# zoneset activate name sm_zone_cf
- cisco_sw_1# show zoneset active
- Config> zoning renamezoneset sm_zone_cfg
- Config> zoning activatezoneset
- cisco_sw_1(config)# zone name sm_zone_1
- filer_1*> setup
- filer_1*> fcnic show fabric ql4a
- Moving volume SnapMirror sources
- newsource> snapmirror initialize -S oldsource:oldsourcevol
newsource:newsourcevol - oldsource> snap create oldsourcevol common_Snapshot
- newsource> snapmirror update -S oldsource:oldsourcevol
newsource:newsourcevol - destination> snapmirror update -S oldsource:oldsourcevol
destination:destinationvol - destination> snapmirror quiesce destinationvol
- destination> snapmirror break destinationvol
- newsource> snapmirror quiesce newsourcevol
- newsource> snapmirror break newsourcevol
- edit /etc/snapmirror.conf
- destination> snapmirror resync -S newsource:newsourcevol
destination:destinationvol - destination> snapmirror status
- newsource> snapmirror initialize -S oldsource:oldsourcevol
[]
- ls -l filename .snapshot/*/file_name
- ls -lu filename .snapshot/*/file_name
Netapp – Storage managment
[CMD]
- aggr
- status – informacje o dyskach
- -r wszystkie
- -s spares
- -m mainanance
- -f broken
- create [aggr_name]
- create [vol_name] – dla tradycyjnych volumenów
- add
- offline
- online
- restrict – ‘zamrożenie’
- options
- raidtype
- raidsize
- show_space
- destroy
- undestroy
- rename
- status – informacje o dyskach
- disk
- upgrade_ownership – zmiana na sotware-base ovnership ( z maint mode)
- remove_ownership all – zmiana na hardware-base (wcześniej może być konieczne storage release disks) (z maint mode)
- fail
- -F force
- replace – zastąpienie dysku + odbudowa RAIDa
- start old_disk_name new_spare_name
- stop
- show – lista dysków
- zero spares
- sanitize
- status – status sanitizacji
- start
- stop
- remove disk_name
- remove_ownership disk_name[*]
- maint
- status – lista dysków obecnie w trybie maintanence
- start
- sanitize – czyszczenie dysków
- start
- stop
- status
- release – przywraca dysk
- assign
- auto
- fcstat – info o FC-AL
- device_map
- fcal_stats
- link_stats
- sasadmin
- dev_stats
- shelf [short]
- storage
- show
- disk
- -x – disk ID, shelf, bay, serial number, vendor, model …
- -a
- -p – primary & secondary path
- adapter
- disk
- enable [adapter]
- show
- sysconfig
- -d – informacje o dyskach
- -h – szczegóły
- sysstat
- df
- -Am
- snap
- delta – różnice w snapshotach
- reclaimable – ilośc miejsca zwolnionych po usunięciu snapshotów
- vol
- options [vol_name]
- try_first -
- volume_grow – auto zwiększanie
- snap_delete – usuwanie snapshotów
- flexcache_autogrow
- flexcache_min_reserved
- acdirmax
- acregmax
- acsymmax
- actimeo
- root
- guarantee
- none
- volume
- file
- fractional_reserve
- %
- try_first -
- clone
- split
- start
- stop
- status
- estimate – ocena różnic
- create [clone_name]
- -b [parent_vol]
- split
- restrict
- online
- offline
- lang [vol_name]
- create [vol_name]
- -S XYZ:[vol_name] – dla flexcache
- autosize [vol_name]
- container
- lang
- options [vol_name]
- flexcache
- fstat
- stats
- -C
- eject
- maxfiles [vol_name] [nr]
- nfsstat
- -C
- file
- reservation <path>
- enable
- disable
- reservation <path>
- qtree
- status
- create
- stats
- oplocks
- security [path]
- unix
- ntfs
- mixed
- quota
- status
- on | off [vol_name]
- resize
- report
[Options]
- disk.maint_center.enable – okresowe sprawdzanie dysków
- disk.maint_center.allowed_entries – ile razy dysk może trafić do maint center
- disk.maint_center.spares_check – co się dzieje z dyskami po wykryciu błędu
- raid.media_scrub.enable
- raid.media_scrub.spares.enable
- raid.media_scrub.rate
- raid.timeout -
- raid.reconstruction.wafliron.enable – proces sprawdzający media errors
- raid.scrub.schedule
- raid.rpm.fcal.enable
- raid.rpm.ata.enable
- cifs.preserve_unix_security
- flexcache.access
- options ndmpd.enable on
- options ndmpd.authtype challenge
- httpd.rootdir
- nfs.exports.auto-update
- options flexcache.enable
- options flexcache.access host= XYZ
- wafl.default_qtree_mode
- options cifs.oplocks.enable
- wafl.default_nt_user
- wafl.default_unix_user
[Proc]
- Flexvol sanitizing
- usuniecie dostępu przez nfs/cifs
- snap delete -V -a vol_name – usunięcie snapshotów
- df -g vol_name
- vol size vol_name new_size
- aggr create nixdestaggr 8@72G
- vol create nixsrcvol_1 nixdestaggr 20G
- ndmpcopy /vol/nixsrcvol /vol/nixsrcvol_1
- aggr status nixsrcaggr -r
- vol offline src_vol
- vol destroy src_vol
- aggr offline src_aggr
- aggr destroy src_aggr
- aggr rename nixdestaggr nixsrcaggr
- vol rename nixsrcvol_1 nixsrcvol
- Vol -> FlexVol migration
- df -Ah vol_name
- df -i vol_name
- aggr rename vol0 vol0trad
- vol create vol0 aggrA 90g
- options ndmpd.enable on
- ndmpcopy /vol/vol0trad /vol/vol0
- vol options vol0 root
raid4, aggr root, raidsize=9
degraded
degraded
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HMC command line [draft]
lshwres – opcje HEA
chhwres - changes the hardware resource configuration of the managed system (DLPAR)
chsyscfg – changes the attributes of partitions, partition profiles, or
system profiles for the managed system
rsthwres – restores the hardware resource configuration of
partitions in the managed system. This operation might need to be performed
after a DLPAR operation fails
mksyscfg – creates partitions, partition profiles, or system profiles
for the managed system
lssyscfg – lists the attributes of partitions, partition profiles, or
system profiles for the managed system.
lslparutil – lists utilization data that is collected for a managed
system
[def | ls | rm ] sysplanres – defines, show, delete a system plan resource for use by system plans deployed from the HMC
dump – sets the system dump parameters for the managed system
[ch | ls ] cod – performs CoD operations on the managed system
mksysplan -
chsvcevent -
chhmc – set the date, time, time zone, and clock on the HMC
lssysconn – List system connections
Most common command line options and usage
- List connection information for all systems and frames managed by this
- lssysconn -r all
- List all configuration information for systems managed by this HMC:
- lssyscfg -r sys
- List all partitions in the managed system and only display attribute values for each partition, following a header of attribute names:
- lssyscfg -r lpar -m system1 -F –header
- List all system level memory informations:
- lshwres -r mem -m system1 –level sys
- List all virtual slots for partition part1:
- lshwres -r virtualio –rsubtype slot -m system1 –level slot–filter “lpar_names=lpar1”
- Change a partition profile’s memory amounts (reduce the profile’s current memory amounts each by 256 MB) and number of desired processors:
- chsyscfg -r prof -m system1 -i “name=profile1,lpar_name=part1,min_mem=256,desired_mem=256,max_mem=256,desired_procs=2”
- Change a partition profile’s memory amounts (reduce the profile’s current memory amounts each by 256 MB) and number of desired processors:
- chsyscfg -r prof -m system1 -i “name=profile1,lpar_name=part1,min_mem=256,desired_mem=256,max_mem=256,desired_procs=2”
- Change a system profile (add two new partition profiles):
- chsyscfg -r sysprof -m system1 -i “name=sysprof1,”lpar_names+=part3,part4″,”profile_names+=3_prof1,4_defaultProf”"
- Add a virtual Ethernet adapter to the partition with ID 3:
- chhwres -r virtualio -m system1 -o a –id 3 –rsubtype eth -a “ieee_virtual_eth=1,port_vlan_id=4,”addl_vlan_ids=5,6″,is_trunk=1 ,trunk_priority=1″
- Create an AIX or Linux partition:
- mksyscfg -r lpar -m system1 -i “name=aix_lpar2,profile_name=prof1,lpar_env=aixlinux,min_mem=256,desired_mem=1024,max_mem=1024,proc_mode=ded,min_procs=1,desired_procs=1,max_procs=2,sharing_mode=share_idle_procs,auto_start=1,boo t_mode=norm,lpar_io_pool_ids=3,”io_slots=21010003//1,21030003//0″”
- Remove the partition profile test_profile for partition lpar3:
- rmsyscfg -r prof -m system1 -n test_profile -p lpar3
- Disconnect from the managed system sytem1 and remove it from the
- rmsysconn -o remove -m system1
- Restore memory resources for partition p1:
- rsthwres -r mem -m system1 -p p1
- Open a virtual terminal session for partition p1:
- mkvterm -m system1 -p p1
- List the BIOS level of the HMC
- lshmc -b
- List the network settings for the HMC
- lshmc -n
- List the VPD information for the HMC
- lshmc -v
- List the version information for the HMC
- lshmc -V– List the status of DLPAR enabled partitions
- List the status of DLPAR enabled partitions
- lspartition -dlpar
- Collect various logs and javacore. This option can copy the data collected onto DVD or leave a compressed file in the /dump directory.
- pedbg -c
- List connection information for all systems and frames managed by this
- lssysconn -r all
- List all users defined on this HMC:
- lshmcusr
- List the console events that occurred within the past three days:
- lssvcevents -t console -d 3
- List all of the open serviceable events for the system system1:
- lssvcevents -t hardware -m system1 –filter “status=open”
System P Performance
- AIX :
- truss - Traces a process’s system calls, received signals, and incurred machine faults.
- alstat – Shows alignment exception statistics.
- iostat – Reports central processing unit (CPU) statistics and I/O statistics for the entire system, adapters, TTY devices, disks, and CD-ROMs.
- vmstat – Reports virtual memory statistics.
- sar – Collects, reports, or saves system activity information.
- prof – Displays object file profile data.
- tprof – Reports CPU usage.
- gprof – Displays call graph profile data.
- emstat – Shows emulation exception statistics.
- filemon – Monitors the performance of the file system, and reports the I/O activity on behalf of logical files, virtual memory segments, logical volumes, and physical volumes.
- fileplace – Displays the placement of file blocks within logical or physical volumes.
- netpmon – Monitors activity and reports statistics on network I/O and network-related CPU usage.
- pprof – Reports CPU usage of all kernel threads over a period of time.
- rmss – Simulates a system with various sizes of memory for performance testing of applications.
- svmon – Captures and analyzes a snapshot of virtual memory.
- topas – Reports selected local system statistics.
- lparstat – Reports LPAR-related information and utilization statistics.
- mpstat – Reports performance statistics for all logical CPUs in the system
- entstat – Shows ethernet device driver and device statistics.
- fcstat
- VIO :
- sysstat – This command gives you an uptime for the system and the list of logged-on users.
- wkldout This command provides post-processing of recordings made by wkldagent. The files are located in /home/ios/perf/wlm path
- lsgcl This command displays the contents of the global command log.
- vasistat This command shows VASI device driver and device statistics (used for PowerVM Live Partition Mobility).
- ioslevel This command gives the version of the Virtual I/O Server.
- lssw This command lists the software installed.
- lsfware This command displays microcode and firmware levels of the system, adapters and devices.
- lslparinfo This command displays the LPAR number and LPAR name.
- lssvc This command lists available agent names if the parameter is not given. It lists the agent’s attributes and values if the agent’s name is provided as a parameter.
- oem_platform_level This command returns the operating system level of the OEM install and setup environment.
- lsdev This command displays devices in the system and their characteristics.
- lsmap This command displays the mapping between physical and virtual devices.
- viostat This command reports Central Processing Unit statistics, asynchronous input/output, input/output statistics for entire system, adapters, tty devices, disks, and CD-ROMs. The parameter -extdisk provides detailed performance statistics information for disk devices.
- fcstat This command displays statistics gathered by the specified Fibre Channel device driver.
- lsvg This command displays information about volume groups.
- lslv This command displays information about a logical volume.
- lspv This command displays information about physical volumes.
- lssp This command displays information about storage pools.
- lsvopt This command lists and displays information about the systems virtual optical devices.
- lsrep This command lists and displays information about the Virtual Media Repository.
- lspath This command displays information about paths to MultiPath I/0 (MPIO)-capable devices.
- oem_setup_env
- mpio_get_config -Av This command displays IBM SAN storage information with MPIO multi-path device driver attachment.
- fget_config -Av This command displays IBM SAN storage information with RDAC multi-path device driver attachment.
- pcmpath query adapter This command displays SAN storage Fibre Channel adapter path information with SDDPCM path control module attachment.
- pcmpath query device This command displays SAN storage device information with SDDPCM path control module attachment.
- lscfg -vl hdiskx This command displays vendor storage information.
- network
- netstat This command displays active sockets for each protocol, or routing table information, or displays the contents of a network data structure.
- entstat This command displays Ethernet device driver and device statistics.
- seastat This command generates a report to view, per client, the Shared Ethernet Adapter statistics.
- lsnetsvc This command gives the status of a network service.
- lstcpip This command displays the TCP/IP settings.
- optimizenet -list This command lists the characteristics of one or all network tunables.
- snmp_info -get|-next This command requests the values of Management Information Base variables managed by a Simple Network Management Protocol agent.
- traceroute This command prints the route that IP packets take to a network host.
- showmount This command displays a list of all clients that have remotely mountable file systems.